China’s Chang’e-6 probe has lifted off from the far side of the Moon, starting its journey back towards Earth, China’s national space agency has announced.

The probe’s successful departure from the Moon means China is closer to becoming the first country to return samples from the far side of the Moon, which permanently faces away from Earth.

The probe, which departed the Moon at 7.38am local time on Tuesday successfully completed its sample collection from Sunday and Monday.

China’s National Space Administration (CNSA) said in a statement that Chang’e-6 “withstood the test of high temperature on the far side of the Moon”.

Concise version Chang’e 6 sampling video on the far side of the moon. Full HD:https://t.co/yIllJ6Gukx pic.twitter.com/OyuvvccofG

— CNSA Watcher (@CNSAWatcher) June 4, 2024

Compared with its predecessor Chang’e-5, which retrieved samples from the near side of the Moon, Chang’e-6 faced an additional technical challenge of operating without direct communications with ground stations on Earth, according to CNSA.

Instead, the probe relied on relay satellite Queqiao-2, put into orbit in April, for communications.

The probe used a drill and robotic arm to dig up soil on and below the Moon’s surface, according to state news agency Xinhua.

Chang’e-6 displayed China’s national flag for the first time on the far side of the Moon after sample acquisition, Beijing Daily said.

The probe is in lunar orbit and will join up with another spacecraft in orbit, CNSA said on Tuesday morning.

The samples will then be transferred to a return module, which will fly back to Earth, with a landing in China’s Inner Mongolia region expected about June 25.

The return of the lunar samples to Earth is being followed by scientists around the world.

They  hope the soil collected by the Chang’e-6 can help answer questions about the origins of the solar system.

China’s Chang’e-6 lunar mission rocket launches in south China’s Hainan province. Photo: Future Publishing via Getty

The mission has also been closely followed domestically as a source of national pride.

Last month, thousands of tourists flocked to different viewing spots in the southern island province of Hainan to watch Chang’e-6’s launch.

Pictures of a hole left on the lunar surface from the sample digging by Chang’e-6 went viral on Tuesday on Chinese social media platform Weibo after state broadcaster CCTV said the hole was shaped like the character “zhong”, a nod to the Chinese word for China, “zhongguo”.