Christmas carried more than spiritual weight for many Ukrainians this year as the country newly observed it as a public holiday on December 25 rather than the later date followed in Russia.

The change, enacted in legislation signed by President Volodymyr Zelenskyy in July, reflects Ukraine’s fury with the 22-month-old Russian invasion and its assertion of a national identity.

Ukraine is predominantly Orthodox Christian, but the faith is divided between two churches, one of which had long affiliation with the Russian Orthodox Church.

The Orthodox Church of Ukraine, which didn’t recognise the authority of the Russian church and had been regarded as schismatic, was granted full recognition in 2019 by the Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, Orthodoxy’s top authority.

The Ukrainian Orthodox Church, which was a branch of the Russian church, announced in 2022 after the start of the Russia-Ukraine war that it was breaking ties with Moscow and considered itself autonomous. However, its parishes continue to follow the same liturgical calendar as the Russian church and will observe Christmas on January 7.

Many Ukrainians embraced the move to celebrate Christmas on December 25 with enthusiasm.

In the village of Kryvorivnia, thousands of worshippers, many in traditional garb crowded the streets and streamed to the settlement’s noted elaborate wooden church.

Kryvorivnia, in the Carpathian mountains, is about 800 kilometres west from the frontline, but the war was on the minds of the worshippers.

“People didn’t just come to observe the celebration, they came to pray,” said local priest Ivan Rybaruk, who said 16 people from the village of only 1500 residents had died in the fighting.

Oksana Poviakel, the director of the Pyrohiv Museum of Folk Architecture and Life of Ukraine in Kyiv, where Christmas celebrations took place, said that observing the holiday on the 25th is “another important factor of self-identification.”

“We are separating ourselves from the neighbour who is currently trying to destroy our state, who is killing our people, destroying our homes, and burning our land,” she said.

Asia Landarenko, 63, said she prayed every day for her son, who is in the military.

“The state of war affects everything, including the mood. The real celebration of Christmas will be after the victory, but as the saviour was born, so will be our victory,” she said.

-AAP